Barcelona

Central Government, who is responsible of the judicial system and the national police. Regional and municipal government have some competencies in relation to the public safety.

Birmingham

The police service (national, regional and the local authority (City Council) both have responsibilities for maintaining public safety

Frankfurt am Main

Regional government "Land Hessen" is responsible for the police force (juridical competency given by the state); local mayor is responsible for public safety in the city

Lyon

The prefect and the mayor

Mailand

State police, military police and municipal police

Barcelona

National police, in charge of national security and public order in general, and municipal police. Catalonia have their own police force which is replacing the national police. So, at this moment, we are in a transitional period.

Birmingham

Policing in the city is undertaken by the West Midlands Police force and is the responsibility of the Chief Constable (head of police for the region). Provision of an effective police service is the responsibility of the West Midlands Police Authority – a regional committee of local politicians – and the Home Secretary (national government)

Frankfurt am Main

Police President Frankfurt (regional police force)

Lyon

National police (state police) and municipal police

Mailand

National government (prefetto, questore, carabinieri) and city council (municipal police)

Barcelona

Yes.

Duties: traffic regulation, security, breath test, and other controls related to the level of noise, technical inspections of food served in restaurants, markets, etc.

Birmingham

No – there is only one police force.

Frankfurt am Main

No - Local responsibility  of the "department for public order/ town's clerk office" are e.g. payment for street parking, etc.

Lyon

Yes - applying the reglementation issued by the mayor controlling the payments of the street car park and the circulation of the cars

Mailand

Yes - deals with 24-hr emergency calls, road accidents, investigating crimes, territorial problems, traffic, circulation, mobility, emergency plans for critical operations on city territory; petty crime prevention, Organisation of compulsory sanitary treatments

Barcelona

There is a co-ordination body, presided by the Mayor, and formed by the national and the municipal police, members of the public prosecutor office and criminal judges.

In the districts, there also police’s coordination bodies, presided by the Councillor or the manager.
 

Birmingham

Yes – there is a Crime & Disorder Reduction Partnership which is jointly led by the Council and the Police and is required by national law. This requires the Council and the police to work together to produce and implement community safety plans

Frankfurt am Main

Yes - there is the municipal Council for Prevention jointly led by the Mayor, other Councillors, the Police (regional) (see report of Council for Prevention)

Lyon

Yes -     there is a “contrat local de sécurité” : local contract for security between the institutions in charge of the security

there is also a convention between the national police and the municipal police

Mailand

Protocol of understanding 1998 (Mayor and Prefetto) for common initiatives to increase public security

Barcelona

All the political objectives and strategies are defined in the “Plan de Actuación Muncipal”, with a chapter dedicated to public security.
 

Birmingham

Yes – it is called the Crime & Disorder Reduction Strategy

Frankfurt am Main

Yes, the director of the Council for Prevention is in charge of the security program

Lyon

Yes - There is a councilor in charge of this matter

Mailand

Yes since 1997:

Use of 500 officers for 160 city areas

1500 officers employed

total amount 3.296 officers in the city

Preventive Services Squad in plain-clothes

City security and quality of living project

2000: implementation of City Security Sector (9 employees)

Barcelona

Birmingham

Burglary, theft of and from cars, street crime (robbery, assaults), domestic violence

Frankfurt am Main

Drug criminality and abuse, augmenting bodily injuries

Lyon

Crime on public ways

Stealing, burglaries

Mailand

Robbery, theft (bags, bicycles), juvenile gangs, drug delicts

Barcelona

Yes. In some streets of the historic city center video cameras have been installed.

Birmingham

Yes we have many Closed Circuit Television Systems in different parts of the city

Frankfurt am Main

Yes

Lyon

Yes

Mailand

Yes (parks, places, railway station, tunnels, taxi zones) - reduction of drug dealing

Barcelona

One of the main problems is the lack of relation between the educational system and the labour market. So the City Council is running some “teaching programmes” for youngsters with training problems.

On the other hand, those under age without families who arrive to the city, are pressing the reception system, (which is competence of the Regional Government). The City Council is collaborating with non-governmental organisations in order to help to solve this situation.

Birmingham

Crime by young people is a big problem. It is dealt with by the Youth Offending Service – a public organisation composed of police officers, local authority staff and probation officers. It provides many preventive programs (to stop young people from being involved in crime) and works with young people who have been convicted of an offence.

Frankfurt am Main

Yes, and there are special programs, actions and strategies for prevention in schools and kindergardens

Lyon

Yes and there is a special program for prevention

Mailand

Milan, like all over Italy, is not exempt from the phenomenon of juvenile/underage delinquency. Still, the phenomenon is not particularly widespread. In any case, we try to counteract it by intensifying control of the territory.

There is quite a worrying phenomenon of offences committed by youngsters who cannot be charged (because they are under 14 years of age). Most of the offences are crimes against property.

Nomads and non-EU immigrants mainly commit thefts from apartments and low-level drug dealing offences; whereas, Italians are involved in large-scale drug dealing within a crime system.

For years, the city council has supervised minors who have been prosecuted and, working jointly with other territorial services, it has adopted appropriate educational instruments to help the minors break out of the crime circuit: from 1992 to 1998 relapses were reduced from 41.56% to 14.33%.

Barcelona

Yes, the “Consejo de Seguridad Urbana de Barcelona” created in 1984.

Members:
political representatives of the three administrations, police forces, members of the public prosecutor office and judges, businessman’s, trade unions, lawyers, journalists, etc. 

No budget 

Main measures:
To reach an agreement on the security policy for the city

.

Birmingham

Yes - it is the Crime & Disorder Reduction Partnership, referred to above.

The members are the chief executives of the police, local authority departments (education, housing, social services), health service, fire service, probation service, voluntary services council, magistrates court, drug action team.  

It has a budget which comes from various national government sources (approx £5m in 2002/3) 

Main measures:
as well as the members’ own service resources. The 6 main measures are concerned with:

·        Efficient response to incidents

·        Safer local neighbourhoods

·        Reducing fear of crime and reassuring the public

·        Youth offending and social inclusion

·        Illegal drugs and substance misuse

Information and intelligence development

Frankfurt am Main

Yes,

members are the Mayor, the Police President (State Land Hessen), the prosecutor's office/district attorney and the Councillors in charge for multicultural affairs, social affairs, education

Budget for projects and development of strategies against crime: 100.000 €

Lyon

Yes, there is the local contract for security and a council for the prevention of crime

Members: The mayor and the councilor for security are taking part of them

It is composed of services of the State (police, justice), local authorities, associations

Budget : 675 000 euros

For 2002, the major actions are : to improve the services given to the victims, to develop the educational role of the parents for their children, to reduce the feeling of insecurity amongst the population, to reduce the risky behaviour of the teenagers and young adults, to tackle the problems related to the health of the young adults

Mailand

Law n° 121, article n° 20 of 1^st April 1981 provides for the Provincial Committee for public security and law and order. It is a consultancy body of the Prefetto to exercise his powers as provincial authority for public security. It deals with all the problems concerning law and order and public security. It coordinates the operations of all the Police Forces, including the Municipal police.

The Prefetto invites the Mayor when the Committee is dealing with problems concerning the city, and sends for him on the Mayor's request; the Mayor can also decide which Councillors to bring with him/her.

It does not have its own budget.

The operating areas that involve the Mayor of Milan are provided for in the protocol of understanding between the Prefetto of Milan and the Mayor of Milan.

Barcelona

Urban districts with social conflicts:

The districts have a security department, which develops the security programme according to the reality of each district.

 Urban districts with a high rate of immigrants:

The immigration phenomena is treated in the framework of the municipal policy. That means that we want that the new citizens will be users of the services as any other citizen. However, in some districts with a high rate of immigrants the City Council is doing specific actions.
 

Birmingham

Birmingham is a city with 25-30% ethnic minority resident population (not recent immigrants). Many projects are designed to prevent social conflict

Frankfurt am Main

District councils for prevention, district programs, district mediators

Lyon

Yes, in the districts identified in the “contrat de ville” (for social and prevention projects)

Mailand

We can generally speak of critical neighbourhoods, with problems that are not necessarily linked to the presence of immigrants or to their particular concentration, certainly the source of other conflicts, but that tend to be situated in the suburbs, where degradation, absence of lack of services and structures, petty crime or organised crime live together and feed off each other.

The City Council has promoted, video-surveillance projects on an experimental basis, to implement in neighbourhoods of Public Housing buildings, partially funded by the Regione Lombardia and coordinated by Aler (Lombardy Company for residential buildings) and by the Police forces.

The City Council, through the Foreigners Office, plays the role of “mediator” to resolve contrasts and misunderstandings that may arise in those neighbourhoods where there is a higher presence of immigrants

Barcelona

No, there isn’t an institutionalised co-operation but whenever the schools show some interest, the Municipal Police develops some projects there.
 

Birmingham

Yes

Frankfurt am Main

Yes, there is direct action between police and schools; furthermore there are working groups for prevention of violence/crime and of drug addiction

Lyon

Yes, there is a program for prevention in some schools with the intervention of the national and municipal police

Mailand

Only for road sense

Barcelona

Birmingham

Yes – for instance, in encouraging the public to report criminal incidents to the police.

Frankfurt am Main

Yes, campaign "Violence-Notice it - Help"

Lyon

Yes, there is a program for prevention in some schools with the intervention of the national and municipal police

Mailand

welfare associations and other institutions for conflict management

Barcelona

 -

Birmingham

Attached paper with specific projects (see next page)

Frankfurt am Main

Attached presentation of  Frankfurt' Model of Prevention

Lyon

 -

Mailand

The Municipal police aims to improve the conditions of security in the city and to that end attempts to intensify territorial control as much as possible and to set up new facilities of the Municipal police in more sensitive areas from the point of view of security and law and order.

At the moment, the Municipal police have 15 Command stations (Zones) dotted over the council territory and 15 Stations (small posts) accountable to some Zone Command stations.

There are presently 3,296 workers in the Municipal police.

Some important initiatives include:

·        Vigili di quartiere (neighbourhood police officers). This innovative figure was set up in June’98, and is currently present in 160 city neighbourhoods. These are Municipal police officers whose first task is to be aware of the most urgent needs of citizens/users rather than playing a punishing role. They include motivated officers who have been duly trained (University of Bologna, University of Modern Languages, Childline)

·        Listening point for assistance and support for crime victims to guarantee the connection between the victim of violence and the resources, public and private, that can help them. It provides activities of listening, information, orientation, psychological, legal and medical assistance.

·        Milanese retail traders that have bought and installed crime-fighting security systems will be granted funding, through public notice. The initiative will be extended to handicraft businesses.